图为2025年1月20日，唐纳德·川普总统在华盛顿特区白宫签署一系列行政命令。（图片来源：Jabin Botsford /The Washington Post via Getty Images）
【看中国2025年1月21日讯】（看中国记者杨天资综合报导）川普1月20日宣誓就任美国第47位总统，上任首日火速签署数十道政令、公告，大幅改变拜登政府的政策，包含率美退出世卫组织、巴黎气候协定等。
川普就职首日率美退出WHO、巴黎气候协定 重要政令一览
美国总统川普1月20日刚就职即签署行政命令，率美国退出世界卫生组织（WHO）。川普认为，世卫在COVID-19疫情和其他国际卫生危机上都应对不力。
川普签署政令时说：“世卫组织敲我们竹杠，每个人都敲诈美国。这种事不会再发生了。”
综合法新社、路透社等外媒报导，川普指世卫无法在不受“成员国不当政治影响”下独立行动，还要美国“不公平地支付重金”，与中国等其它大国所支付的金额不成比例。
此举意味美国将在12个月内退出世卫，并停止资助世卫相关计划。
据乔治城大学公卫法律专家高斯丁（Lawrence O. Gostin）指出，完成退出需要一些时间，因为当年成立世卫时，美国国会通过一项联合决议规范退出程序。
外媒评论称，川普让美国退出世卫组织并不令人意外。他在第一次执政期间的2020年就曾指控世卫在COVID-19疫情起源上协助中国“误导全球”，并于当年7月正式采取行动准备退出世卫。
美国是世卫的最大财务来源国，所提供的资助远超其他国家，约占世卫整体资金的18%。世卫组织2024年度到2025年度的两年期预算为68亿美元。
下令退出巴黎协定 川普重要政令一览
美国总统川普率领的新政府于美东时间20日上任首日即宣布，美国将二度退出巴黎气候协定。
在川普就职后不久，白宫便发表声明宣布退出巴黎协定，而川普也已签署相关行政命令。不过，白宫未明确说明具体时程。根据规定，正式退出需要向联合国提交通知后约一年才能完成。
综合《华尔街日报》、美联社与美国有线电视新闻网（CNN），川普就任后几小时内签署行政命令、公告扭转至少78项拜登政府的政策，重要内容包括：
了结所有与2021年1月6日国会山庄暴动相关的近1600宗案件，包含赦免1270名定罪被告、下令司法部撤销300件尚在调查中案件等。
签署一系列打击非法移民的命令，包含宣布美国南部边境进入国家紧急状态、终止在美出生即取得公民权、将贩毒集团列为境外恐怖组织（为美军赴墨西哥等境外执行反毒战争铺路）等。
取消对跨性别者保护、美国政府只承认男性和女性两种性别，终止联邦政府的多元、平等及包容（DEI）计划。
退出巴黎气候协定（Paris climate accord）
退出世界卫生组织（WHO）
放宽石油、天然气的开发，特别是让阿拉斯加扩大化石燃料生产。
2月1日起将对墨西哥、加拿大的销美商品课征25%关税。
重申收回巴拿马运河、墨西哥湾（Gulf of Mexico）更名美洲湾（Gulf of America）。
延后75天执行TikTok“不卖就禁”的法院判决
川普就职演说全文
美国总统川普20日在国会山庄圆形大厅（Capitol Rotunda）就职时，发表了30分钟的演说，开门见山指美国黄金时代从现在开始，国家将再次繁荣昌盛、再次受到世界的尊重，并且不会再让自身遭到利用。
川普强调，法律的天平将重新平衡，司法部和政府过去恶毒、暴力和不公平的武器化（指司法迫害）将会结束，他执政的首要任务是创造自豪、繁荣和自由的国家。
川普也提及美国必须诚实面对所面临的挑战，例如多年以来激进且腐败的建制派（维护现有体制者），从公民手中掠夺了权力和财富，使得美国政府在国内无法应对简单危机、在国外面临不断持续的灾难性事件。
川普说：在过去的8年里他所经历的考验和挑战，比美国250年历史上任何一个总统都还要多，在这些日子他学到很多东西，而那些想要阻拦的人试图夺走他的自由，甚至想要夺走他的性命，就在几个月前，宾州暗杀者的子弹划破他的耳朵，他相信自己得救是有原因的，“上帝拯救了我，让美国再次伟大。”
“我今天会签署一系列具有历史意义的行政命令，借此全面复苏美国、启动一场“常识革命（Revolution of Common Sense）”。
另外，川普还会把毒枭指定为外国恐怖组织。透过1798年制定的《外国敌人法》，指示政府充分利用联邦和州执法部门的权力，消除所有在美国领土上进行毁灭性犯罪的外国帮派、犯罪组织。
川普说，他将结束“绿色新政”，废除对电动车的补助，从而拯救美国汽车工业，并兑现他对美国伟大汽车工人的承诺，让民众购买自己所想要选择的汽车。
为了重建人民对联邦政府的信心并提升效率，川普将成立“政府效率部”。
川普指出，美国海军和各类船只，在巴拿马运河被严重过度收费，最重要的地方在于中国正在营运巴拿马运河，但美国当初是将运河交给巴拿马而不是中国，因此现在是该收回了。
川普就职演说原文：
Vice President Vance, Speaker Johnson, Senator Thune, Chief Justice Roberts, justices of the United States Supreme Court, President Clinton, President Bush, President Obama, President Biden, Vice President Harris and my fellow citizens:
The golden age of America begins right now. From this day forward, our country will flourish and be respected again all over the world. We will be the envy of every nation. And we will not allow ourselves to be taken advantage of any longer.
During every single day of the Trump administration, I will, very simply, put America first. Our sovereignty will be reclaimed. Our safety will be restored. The scales of justice will be rebalanced. The vicious, violent and unfair weaponization of the Justice Department and our government will end. And our top priority will be to create a nation that is proud and prosperous and free.
America will soon be greater, stronger, and far more exceptional than ever before. I return to the presidency confident and optimistic that we are at the start of a thrilling new era of national success. A tide of change is sweeping the country. Sunlight is pouring over the entire world, and America has the chance to seize this opportunity like never before.
But first, we must be honest about the challenges we face. While they are plentiful, they will be annihilated by this great momentum that the world is now witnessing and the United States of America. As we gather today, our government confronts a crisis of trust. For many years, the radical and corrupt establishment has extracted power and wealth from our citizens. While the pillars of our society lay broken and seemingly in complete disrepair, we now have a government that cannot manage even a simple crisis at home while at the same time stumbling into a continuing catalog of catastrophic events abroad.
It fails to protect our magnificent, law-abiding American citizens but provides sanctuary and protection for dangerous criminals, many from prisons and mental institutions that have illegally entered our country from all over the world. We have a government that has given unlimited funding to the defense of foreign borders but refuses to defend American borders, or more importantly, its own people.
Our country can no longer deliver basic services in times of emergency, as recently shown by the wonderful people of North Carolina, who’ve been treated so badly. And other states who are still suffering from a hurricane that took place many months ago. Or more recently, Los Angeles, where we are watching fires still tragically burn from weeks ago without even a token of defense. They’re raging through the houses and communities, even affecting some of the wealthiest and most powerful individuals in our country, some of whom are sitting here right now. They don’t have a home any longer. That’s interesting.
But we can’t let this happen. Everyone is unable to do anything about it. That’s going to change. We have a public health system that does not deliver in times of disaster, yet more money is spent on it than any country anywhere in the world. And we have an education system that teaches our children to be ashamed of themselves, in many cases to hate our country despite the love that we try so desperately to provide to them. All of this will change starting today and will change very quickly.
Our recent election is a mandate to completely and totally reverse a horrible betrayal, and all of these many betrayals that have taken place, and to give the people back their faith, their wealth, their democracy and indeed their freedom. From this moment on, America’s decline is over.
Our liberties and our nation’s glorious destiny will no longer be denied and we will immediately restore the integrity, competency and loyalty of America’s government. Over the past eight years, I have been tested and challenged more than any president in our 250-year history, and I’ve learned a lot along the way. The journey to reclaim our Republic has not been an easy one, that I can tell you. Those who wish to stop our cause have tried to take my freedom and indeed to take my life. Just a few months ago, in a beautiful Pennsylvania field, an assassin’s bullet ripped through my ear. But I felt then, and believe even more so now, that my life was saved for a reason. I was saved by God to make America great again.
That is why each day under our administration of American patriots, we will be working to meet every crisis with dignity and power and strength. We will move with purpose and speed to bring back hope, prosperity, safety and peace for citizens of every race, religion, color and creed. For American citizens, Jan. 20, 2025, is Liberation Day.
It is my hope that our recent presidential election will be remembered as the greatest and most consequential election in the history of our country. As our victory showed, the entire nation is rapidly unifying behind our agenda with dramatic increases in support from virtually every element of our society. Young and old, men and women, African Americans, Hispanic Americans, Asian Americans, urban, suburban and rural. And, very importantly, we had a powerful win in all seven swing states and the popular vote. We won by millions of people.
To the Black and Hispanic communities, I want to thank you for the tremendous outpouring of love and trust that you have shown me with your vote. We set records, and I will not forget it. I’ve heard your voices in the campaign, and I look forward to working with you in the years to come.
Today is Martin Luther King Day and his honor — this will be a great honor — but in his honor, we will strive together to make his dream a reality. We will make his dream come true.
National unity is now returning to America and confidence and pride is soaring like never before. In everything we do my administration will be inspired by a strong pursuit of excellence and unrelenting success. We will not forget our country. We will not forget our Constitution. And we will not forget our God.
Today, I will sign a series of historic executive orders. With these actions, we will begin the complete restoration of America and the revolution of common sense. It’s all about common sense. First, I will declare a national emergency at our southern border. All illegal entry will immediately be halted. And we will begin the process of returning millions and millions of criminal aliens back to the places from which they came. We will reinstate my remain in Mexico policy. I will end the practice of catch and release. And I will send troops to the southern border to repel the disastrous invasion of our country. Under the orders I sign today we will also be designating the cartels as foreign terrorist organizations. And by invoking the Alien Enemies Act of 1798, I will direct our government to use the full and immense power of federal and state law enforcement to eliminate the presence of all foreign gangs and criminal networks bringing devastating crime to U.S. soil, including our cities and inner cities.
As commander in chief, I have no higher responsibility than to defend our country from threats and invasions. And that is exactly what I am going to do. We will do it at a level that nobody has ever seen before. Next, I will direct all members of my cabinet to marshal the vast powers at their disposal to defeat what was record inflation and rapidly bring down costs and prices. The inflation crisis was caused by massive overspending and escalating energy prices. And that is why today I will also declare a national energy emergency. We will drill, baby, drill.
America will be a manufacturing nation once again, and we have something that no other manufacturing nation will ever have: the largest amount of oil and gas of any country on Earth. And we are going to use it. We will bring prices down, fill our strategic reserves up again, right to the top, and export American energy all over the world. We will be a rich nation again. And it is that liquid gold under our feet that will help to do it.
With my actions today, we will end the Green New Deal and we will revoke the electric vehicle mandate, saving our auto industry and keeping my sacred pledge to our great American autoworkers. In other words, you’ll be able to buy the car of your choice. We will build automobiles in America again at a rate that nobody could have dreamt possible just a few years ago. And thank you to the auto workers of our nation for your inspiring vote of confidence. We did tremendously with their vote.
I will immediately begin the overhaul of our trade system to protect American workers and families. Instead of taxing our citizens to enrich other countries, we will tariff and tax foreign countries to enrich our citizens. For this purpose, we are establishing the External Revenue Service to collect all tariffs, duties and revenues. It will be massive amounts of money pouring into our treasury coming from foreign sources.
The American Dream will soon be back and thriving like never before. To restore confidence and effectiveness to our federal government, my administration will establish the brand new Department of Government Efficiency.
After years and years of illegal and unconstitutional federal efforts to restrict free expression, I will also sign an executive order to immediately stop all government censorship and bring back free speech to America. Never again will the immense power of the state be weaponized to persecute political opponents. Something I know something about. We will not allow that to happen. It will not happen again. Under my leadership, we will restore fair, equal and impartial justice under the Constitution and the rule of law. And we are going to bring law and order back to our cities.
This week, I will also end the government policy of trying to socially engineer race and gender into every aspect of public and private life. We will forge a society that is colorblind and merit based. As of today, it will henceforth be the official policy of the United States government that there are only two genders, male and female. This week I will reinstate any service members who were unjustly expelled from the military for objecting to the Covid vaccine mandate with full back pay. And I will sign an order to stop our warriors from being subjected to radical political theories and social experiments while on duty. It’s going to end immediately. Our armed forces will be free to focus on their sole mission—defeating America’s enemies. Like in 2017, we will again build the strongest military the world has ever seen.
We will measure our success not only by the battles we win but also by the wars that we end. And, perhaps most importantly, the wars we never get into. My proudest legacy will be that of a peacemaker and unifier. That’s what I want to be. A peacemaker and a unifier. I’m pleased to say that, as of yesterday, one day before I assumed office, the hostages in the Middle East are coming back home to their families.
America will reclaim its rightful place as the greatest, most powerful, most respected nation on earth, inspiring the awe and admiration of the entire world. A short time from now, we are going to be changing the name of the Gulf of Mexico to the Gulf of America. And we will restore the name of the great President William McKinley to Mount McKinley, where it should be and where it belongs. President McKinley made our country very rich through tariffs and through talent.
He was a natural businessman and gave Teddy Roosevelt the money for many of the great things he did, including the Panama Canal, which has foolishly been given to the country of Panama after the United States — the United States, I mean, think of this, spent more money than ever spent on a project before and lost 38,000 lives in the building of the Panama Canal. We have been treated very badly from this foolish gift that should have never been made. And Panama’s promise to us has been broken. The purpose of our deal and the spirit of our treaty has been totally violated. American ships are being severely overcharged and not treated fairly in any way, shape or form, and that includes the United States Navy. And above all, China is operating the Panama Canal. And we didn’t give it to China, we gave it to Panama, and we’re taking it back.
Above all, my message to Americans today is that it is time for us to once again act with courage, vigor and the vitality of history’s greatest civilization. So as we liberate our nation, we will lead it to new heights of victory and success. We will not be deterred. Together, we will end the chronic disease epidemic and keep our children safe, healthy and disease free. The United States will once again consider itself a growing nation, one that increases our wealth, expands our territory, builds our cities, raises our expectations and carries our flag into new and beautiful horizons. And we will pursue our manifest destiny into the stars, launching American astronauts to plant the Stars and Stripes on the planet Mars.
And it’s the lifeblood of a great nation. And, right now, our nation is more ambitious than any other. There’s no nation like our nation. Americans are explorers, builders, innovators, entrepreneurs and pioneers. The spirit of the frontier is written into our hearts. The call of the next great adventure resounds from within our souls. Our American ancestors turned a small group of colonies on the edge of a vast continent into a mighty republic of the most extraordinary citizens on Earth. No one comes close. Americans pushed thousands of miles through a rugged land of untamed wilderness. They crossed deserts, scaled mountains, braved untold dangers, won the Wild West, ended slavery, rescued millions from tyranny, lifted millions from poverty, harnessed electricity, split the atom, launched mankind into the heavens and put the universe of human knowledge into the palm of the human hand. If we work together, there is nothing we cannot do and no dream we cannot achieve.
Many people thought it was impossible for me to stage such a historic political comeback. But as you see today, here I am. The American people have spoken. I stand before you now as proof that you should never believe that something is impossible to do. In America, the impossible is what we do best. From New York to Los Angeles, from Philadelphia to Phoenix, from Chicago to Miami, from Houston to right here in Washington, D.C., our country was forged and built by the generations of patriots who gave everything they had for our rights and for our freedom. They were farmers and soldiers, cowboys and factory workers, steel workers and coal miners, police officers and pioneers who pushed onward, marched forward and let no obstacle defeat their spirit or their pride. Together they laid down the railroads, raised up the skyscrapers, built great highways, won two world wars, defeated fascism and communism, and triumphed over every single challenge that they faced.
After all we have been through together, we stand on the verge of the four greatest years in American history. With your help, we will restore an American promise and we will rebuild the nation that we love. And we love it so much. We are one people, one family and one glorious nation under God. So to every parent who dreams for their child and every child to dreams for their future: I am with you, I will fight for you and I will win for you. And we’re going to win like never before.
In recent years, our nation has suffered greatly. But we are going to bring it back and make it great again. Greater than ever before. We will be a nation like no other. Full of compassion, courage and exceptionalism. Our power will stop all wars and bring a new spirit of unity to a world that has been angry, violent, and totally unpredictable.
America will be respected again and admired again, including by people of religion, faith and goodwill. We will be prosperous. We will be proud. We will be strong and we will win like never before. We will not be conquered. We will not be intimidated. We will not be broken. And we will not fail.
From this day on, the United States of America will be a free, sovereign and independent nation. We will stand bravely. We will live proudly. We will dream boldly, and nothing will stand in our way. Because we are Americans. The future is ours. And our golden age has just begun.
Thank you. God bless America. Thank you all. Thank you.
